I-HABER SPRINGS, eMich. — Konke kwaqala ngo-1990, xa isithili esikumntla-ntshona weLower Peninsula sasineedepho ezimbini zokulahla inkunkuma ezixhaswa ngeminyaka emibini yerhafu encinci.
Namhlanje, inkqubo yokuhlaziya izinto zobugcisa obuphezulu yase-Emmett County ikhule yaba yingeniso yezigidi zeerandi kubemi abangaphezu kwama-33,000 bolu luntu, ithengisa amawaka eetoni zezinto eziphinda zisetyenziswe kwiinkampani zaseMichigan nakwimimandla yeGreat Lakes ukuze zenze iimveliso ezintsha. Bade bafumana nendlela yokuphinda kusetyenziswe iingxowa zeplastiki zokuthenga.
Iingcali zithi inkqubo yaseMantla eneminyaka engama-30 ubudala ingasebenza njengomzekelo wemithetho esibhozo elindelwe yipalamente yesizwe enokunceda iMichigan County ukuba yakhe iindlela zokuphinda isetyenziswe, inciphise iindawo zokulahla inkunkuma kwaye yenze ingeniso ngendlela ekhulayo. Qhubeka noqoqosho lwezinto eziphilayo ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe nezinokuchumiswa.
“Babonise ukuba utyalo-mali lukarhulumente kolu hlobo lweziseko zophuhliso lunemivuzo — kwinkonzo kawonke-wonke exabisekileyo, kwaye ama-90 ekhulwini ezinto abaziqokelelayo ngenkqubo yabo yokuphinda zisetyenziswe zithengiswa kwiinkampani zaseMichigan,” utshilo uKerrin O'Brien, umlawuli oyintloko we-Michigan Recycling Alliance engenzi nzuzo.
Kwiziko laseHarbour Springs, ingalo yerobhothi idlula ngokukhawuleza kwibhanti yokuhambisa ehambayo, isusa iiplastiki zodidi oluphezulu, iglasi kunye ne-aluminium kwiibhini zokucwangcisa. Umsinga oxutyiweyo wezikhongozeli uhamba ngezangqa ide irobhothi ikhuphe zonke izinto eziphinda zisetyenziswe ngee-picks ezingama-90 ngomzuzu; omnye umgca wezinto ezikwelinye igumbi kulapho abasebenzi bathatha khona iphepha ngesandla, iibhokisi kwibhanti yokuhambisa ehambayo kunye neengxowa.
Le nkqubo yimbangela yeminyaka yotyalo-mali kwinkqubo ekhonza indawo enamaphondo amaninzi, ethi amagosa akhe inkcubeko yendawo yokuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo emakhayeni, kumashishini nakwiindawo zikawonke-wonke.
Izinga lokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwezinto eMichigan kulo lonke ilizwe lisezantsi kunelizwe lonke kwi-19 ekhulwini, kwaye ukwanda kokuthatha inxaxheba ekugqibeleni kuya kunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni iyonke kwaye kusondela kwiinjongo ezintsha zemozulu zelizwe. Isayensi ibonisa ukuba iigesi zegreenhouse ezifana nekhabhoni diokside kunye nemethane zibamba ubushushu emoyeni kwaye zinegalelo ekufudumaleni kwehlabathi kunye notshintsho lwemozulu.
EMichigan, imithetho malunga noko kunokuphinda kusetyenziswe yinto edibanisa ukuba uluntu okanye amashishini abucala aseka iinkqubo kunye nokuba zeziphi izinto abakhetha ukuzamkela. Ezinye iindawo zisebenzisa iiplastiki ezithile kuphela, ezinye zisebenzisa amakhadibhodi amdaka kuphela, kwaye ezinye iindawo aziboneleli ngokurisayikilisha konke konke.
Umahluko phakathi kwemizamo yokuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto e-Emmett County nakwezinye iindawo eMichigan bubude bexesha kunye notyalo-mali kwiziseko zophuhliso zokuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto kunye nobudlelwane bexesha elide namashishini asebenzisa izinto kwakhona. Ipeyinti yelatex, oomatrasi abasetyenzisiweyo kunye neebhalbhu zezibane ezikhanyayo zifumene nokusetyenziswa okutsha, batsho amagosa.
“Abantu ababephethe i-Emmett County ngelo xesha babejonge phambili ekuzameni ukukhuthaza ukuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto ngokutsha,” utshilo u-Andy Torzdorf, umlawuli wenkqubo. “Bafake ukuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto ngokutsha kwisicwangciso sabo solawulo lwenkunkuma eqinileyo, ngoko ke kwasekuqaleni, i-Emmett County yayicinga ngokuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto ngokutsha.”
Isikhungo saseHarbour Springs sisikhululo sokuhambisa inkunkuma, apho inkunkuma ithunyelwa khona kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma evunyiweyo, nakwiziko lokuphinda kusetyenziswe inkunkuma elinemijelo emibini. Umthetho wesithili ufuna ukuba yonke inkunkuma yasekhaya idlule kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma kwaye bonke abathuthi benkunkuma bahlawule umrhumo ofanayo wokuthuthwa kwenkunkuma.
“Abemi banokuyiphinda bayisebenzise simahla. Inkunkuma ayisebenzi, ngoko ke kukho inkuthazo yokuphinda bayisebenzise. Oko kukodwa kunika abemi isizathu sokuphinda bayisebenzise – ukuthenga ukuphinda bayisebenzise,” utshilo uTorzdorf.
Izibalo zibonisa ukuba ngo-2020, le ndawo yasebenza iitoni ezili-13,378 zezinto eziphinda zisetyenziswe, ezapakishwa zaza zafakwa kwiilori ezincinci, emva koko zathunyelwa zaza zathengiswa kumashishini ahlukeneyo ukuze zisetyenziswe. Ezi zinto zaqhubeka zaba ziinkonkxa zokuhlamba impahla, iitreyi zezityalo, iibhotile zamanzi, iibhokisi zokutya okuziinkozo, kwanephepha langasese, phakathi kwezinye iimveliso ezintsha.
Uninzi lweenkampani ezithenga izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ze-Emmet County zikwiMichigan okanye kwezinye iindawo zommandla weGreat Lakes.
I-aluminium iya kwiziko leenkonzo zenkunkuma laseGaylord; iplastiki No. 1 kunye ne-2 zithunyelwa kwinkampani eseDundee ukuze kwenziwe iipellets zeplastiki, ezithi kamva ziguqulwe zibe ziibhotile zesepha kunye namanzi; amakhadibhodi kunye nebhodi yesikhongozeli zithunyelwa kwinkampani eseUpper Peninsula Kraft mills kunye nomenzi wokupakisha ukutya eKalamazoo, phakathi kwezinye; iibhokisi kunye neekomityi zithunyelwa kumenzi wethishu eCheboygan; ioyile yemoto iphinda ihlanjululwe eSaginaw; iglasi ithunyelwe kwinkampani eseChicago ukuze kwenziwe iibhotile, i-insulation kunye ne-abrasives; izixhobo ze-elektroniki zithunyelwa kumaziko okudiliza eWisconsin; kunye nezinye iindawo zezinye izinto.
Abaququzeleli beprojekthi bakwazile ukufumana indawo eVirginia apho babenokuthenga khona ilori egcwele iingxowa zeplastiki kunye neepakethe zefilimu—izinto ezidume ngokuba nzima ukuzilawula kuba zinokudityaniswa nee-sorter. Iingxowa zeplastiki zenziwa zibe ngumthi odityanisiweyo wokuhombisa.
Bayaqinisekisa ukuba yonke into eyamkelwa yi-Emmet County Recycling “iyasetyenziswa kwakhona kwaye ingasetyenziswa kwakhona,” utshilo uTolzdorf. Abamkeli nantoni na engenamarike iqinileyo, nto leyo athe ayithethi ukuba akukho Styrofoam.
“Izinto eziphinda zisetyenziswe zisekelwe kwimarike yeempahla, ngoko ke eminye iminyaka ziphezulu kwaye eminye iminyaka ziphantsi. Ngo-2020 senze malunga ne-$500,000 ngokuthengisa izinto eziphinda zisetyenziswe kwaye ngo-2021 senze ngaphezulu kwe-$100 yezigidi zeerandi,” utshilo uTolzdorf.
“Ibonisa ukuba imakethi ngokuqinisekileyo iza kwahluka. Zehla kakhulu ngo-2020; zabuyela kwinqanaba eliphezulu leminyaka emihlanu ngo-2021. Ngoko ke asinakuyisekela yonke imali yethu ekuthengisweni kwezinto ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe, Kodwa xa zilungile, zilungile kwaye ziyasithwala, kwaye xa ngamanye amaxesha zingalunganga, isikhululo sezothutho kuya kufuneka sisithwale kwaye sithwale imali yethu.”
Isitishi sokudlulisela amanzi sesithili sasiphatha phantse ii-cubic yards ezili-125,000 zenkunkuma yasekhaya ngo-2020, nto leyo evelise ingeniso ephantse ibe yi-$2.8 yezigidi.
Ukongezwa kweerobhothi zokuhlaziya ngo-2020 kwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwabasebenzi ngama-60 ekhulwini kwaye kwandisa ukubanjwa kwezinto ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe ngama-11 ekhulwini, utshilo uTolzdorf. Oku kubangele ukuba amaxesha amaninzi ekhontrakthi aqeshwe njengemisebenzi yexesha elizeleyo enezibonelelo zesithili.
Iminyaka yemizamo yamaqela amabini ngamaqela ngamaqela ngabalawuli bangaphambili nabangoku yokuhlaziya imithetho yenkunkuma eqinileyo yaseMichigan ifikelele kwimigangatho yezomthetho ejolise ekuphuculeni ukuphinda kusetyenziswe, ukwenza umgquba kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwezinto. Le mithetho yapasiswa kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho entwasahlobo ka-2021 kodwa ukususela ngoko yamiswa kwiSenate ngaphandle kweengxoxo zekomiti okanye iindibano.
Iingxelo ezininzi eziveliswe lilizwe zihlola le ngxaki kwaye ziqikelela ukuba abantu baseMichigan bahlawula ngaphezulu kwe-1 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ngonyaka ukulawula inkunkuma yabo. Kule nkunkuma yasekhaya, izinto ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe ezixabisa i-600 yezigidi zeerandi ziphelela kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma minyaka le.
Inxalenye yomthetho osalindileyo iya kufuna ukuba izithili zihlaziye iinkqubo zazo zenkunkuma eqinileyo ezikhoyo kwiinkqubo zanamhlanje zolawulo lwezixhobo, zibeke imilinganiselo yokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwezinto, kwaye zikhuthaze intsebenziswano yengingqi ukuze kusekwe amaziko okusetyenziswa kwakhona kunye nokwenza umgquba kwindawo leyo. Urhulumente uza kubonelela ngenkxaso-mali kwezi mizamo zokucwangcisa.
Iinqila zaseMarquette nase-Emmett ziyimizekelo emihle yemizamo yengingqi yokubonelela ngeenkonzo, utshilo uLiz Browne, umlawuli weCandelo loLawulo lweZixhobo kwiSebe leNdalo laseMichigan, amaLwandle amaKhulu kunye naMandla. Ezinye iindawo eMichigan nazo zinokuphuhlisa iinkqubo eziqinileyo zokuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto ezintsha kunye nokwenza umgquba ezizuzisa uqoqosho kunye nokusingqongileyo, utshilo.
“Ukubuyisela into kwinkonzo akunampembelelo ingako kunokuqala ngezinto ezingekasetyenziswa. Ukuba besiphumelele ekuveliseni izinto eMichigan kwaye sibe nemarike eMichigan, besiya kuyinciphisa kakhulu impembelelo yethu ekuthunyelweni,” utshilo uBrown.
Bobabini uBrowne no-O'Brien bathi ezinye iinkampani zaseMichigan azikwazanga ukufumana ukutya okwaneleyo okusetyenzisiweyo ngaphakathi kwemigca yelizwe. Kufuneka bathenge ezi zinto kwamanye amazwe okanye naseKhanada.
UKarl Hatopp, umphathi wecandelo lokubonelela ngempahla kwiTABB Packaging Solutions eDundee, uthe ukubamba ezinye izinto ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe kwinkunkuma yaseMichigan ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kubanceda amashishini axhomekeke ekuthengeni izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo emva kokuthenga imveliso yawo. I-Emmett County, ebithengisa iiplastiki ezikwiNombolo 1 nezikwiNombolo 2 kangangeminyaka engama-20, ikwaqalise ukuthenga izinto eziluhlaza kwiziko lokuphinda zisetyenziswe eMarquette nase-Ann Arbor, utshilo.
UHartop uthe iiplastiki ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe ziyahlulwa zibe yi-resin emva kokuthengwa, okanye “i-pellet,” ethi emva koko ithengiswe kubavelisi eWestland nakwamanye e-Ohio nase-Illinois, apho zenziwa khona zibe ziinkonkxa zesepha yokuhlamba impahla kunye neebhotile zamanzi ze-Absopure.
“Okukhona sithengisa izinto ezininzi (ngaphakathi) eMichigan, kokukhona singcono,” utshilo. “Ukuba singathenga okungakumbi eMichigan, singathenga okuncinci kwiindawo ezifana neCalifornia okanye iTexas okanye iWinnipeg.”
Le nkampani isebenza namanye amashishini aseDundee akhulele kwishishini lokuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo. Elinye yinkampani yezobuchwepheshe obucocekileyo, apho uHartop athi usebenze khona amashumi eminyaka.
“I-Clean Tech yaqala ngabasebenzi abane kwaye ngoku sinabasebenzi abangaphezu kwe-150. Ngoko ke, ngokwenene, libali lempumelelo,” utshilo. “Okukhona siphinda sisebenzise izinto ezintsha, kokukhona sidala imisebenzi emininzi eMichigan, kwaye loo misebenzi ihlala eMichigan. Ngoko ke, ngokubhekisele kuthi, ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezintsha yinto elungileyo.”
Enye yeenjongo zeSicwangciso seMimoya esiHlelekileyo se-MI esisandula ukugqitywa kukunyusa amazinga okusetyenziswa kwakhona ukuya kuma-45 ekhulwini ubuncinane ngo-2030 kunye nokunciphisa inkunkuma yokutya ngesiqingatha. La manyathelo yenye yeendlela esi sicwangciso esifuna ngayo iMichigan ukuba ifikelele kuqoqosho olungenalo ikhabhoni ngo-2050.
Inqaku kubafundi: Ukuba uthenga into ngenye yeekhonkco zethu zonxibelelwano, sinokufumana ikhomishini.
Ukubhalisa okanye ukusebenzisa le sayithi kuthetha ukwamkelwa kweSivumelwano sethu soMsebenzisi, uMgaqo-nkqubo waBucala kunye neNgxelo yeKhuki kunye naMalungelo akho oBucala aseCalifornia (Isivumelwano soMsebenzisi sihlaziywe nge-1/1/21. UMgaqo-nkqubo waBucala kunye neNgxelo yeKhuki ihlaziywe nge-5/1/2021).
© 2022 Premium Local Media LLC. Onke amalungelo agciniwe (ngathi). Izinto ezikule sayithi azinakuphinda zikhutshwe, zisasazwe, zidluliselwe, zigcinwe, okanye zisetyenziswe ngenye indlela ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliweyo yangaphambili evela kwi-Advance Local.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Juni-06-2022